Ukwazisa malunga noMnciphisi

I-Reducer sisidibanisi sombhobho esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zemibhobho kunye nokudibanisa izixhobo.Iyakwazi ukudibanisa imibhobho yobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye ukuphumeza ukuhanjiswa okugudileyo kolwelo okanye iigesi.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho, ukhuseleko kunye nokutshintshiselana kwabanciphisi, i-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) kunye neminye imibutho yemigangatho efanelekileyo iye yapapasha uluhlu lwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ehlanganisa yonke imiba yoyilo, ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabanciphisi.

Oku kulandelayo yeminye yemigangatho ephambili yamazwe ngamazwe enxulumene nabanciphisi:

• ASME B16.9-2020

IFactory-Made Wrought Butt-Welding Fittings: I-American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) ipapashe lo mgangatho, obandakanya uyilo, imilinganiselo, ukunyamezela kunye neenkcukacha zezinto eziphathekayo zofakelo lwemibhobho, kunye neendlela zokuvavanya ezinxulumeneyo.Lo mgangatho usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zemibhobho yoshishino kwaye ukwasebenza kubanciphisi.

Iimfuno zokuyila: Umgangatho we-ASME B16.9 uchaza iimfuno zoyilo loMnciphisi ngokweenkcukacha, kubandakanywa inkangeleko, ubungakanani, ijometri kunye nohlobo lwamacandelo okudibanisa.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba uMnciphisi uya kungena ngokuchanekileyo kwi-ductwork kunye nokugcina ukuzinza kwayo kwesakhiwo.

Iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo: Umgangatho uchaza imigangatho yezinto ezifunekayo ukuvelisa i-Reducer, ngokuqhelekileyo i-carbon steel, insimbi engenasici, insimbi ye-alloy, njl. Iquka ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, iipropati zomatshini kunye neemfuno zonyango lobushushu kwizinto eziqinisekisa ukuba umnciphisi unamandla okwaneleyo. kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.

Indlela yokuvelisa: Umgangatho we-ASME B16.9 uquka indlela yokuvelisa yoMnciphisi, kubandakanywa ukucutshungulwa kwezinto, ukwenza, i-welding kunye nokunyanga ukushisa.Ezi ndlela zokuvelisa ziqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza koMnciphisi.

Imilinganiselo kunye nokunyamezela: Umgangatho uchaza uluhlu lobungakanani beeNciphisi kunye neemfuno ezinxulumene nokunyamezela ukuqinisekisa ukutshintshisana phakathi kweeNciphisi eziveliswe ngabavelisi abohlukeneyo.Oku kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kunye nokutshintshiselana kweenkqubo zemibhobho.

Uvavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa: I-ASME B16.9 ikwabandakanya iimfuno zovavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa komnciphisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuthembeka ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela.Olu vavanyo lubandakanya uvavanyo loxinzelelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-weld, kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wezinto eziphathekayo.

• I-DIN 2616-1: 1991

izifakelo zemibhobho yentsimbi ye-butt-welding;izinciphisi zokusetyenziswa kuxinzelelo lwenkonzo epheleleyo: Umgangatho okhutshwe nguMbutho weMigangatho yoShishino lwaseJamani (DIN) ochaza ubungakanani, imathiriyeli kunye neemfuno zovavanyo zabanciphisi abasetyenziswa kuxinzelelo lwenkonzo epheleleyo.

Umgangatho we-DIN 2616 uchaza iimfuno zoyilo loMnciphisi ngokweenkcukacha, kubandakanywa ukubonakala kwayo, ubungakanani, ijometri kunye nefom yecandelo lokudibanisa.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba uMnciphisi uya kungena ngokuchanekileyo kwi-ductwork kunye nokugcina ukuzinza kwayo kwesakhiwo.

Iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo: Umgangatho uchaza imigangatho yezinto ezifunekayo ukwakha umnciphisi, ngokuqhelekileyo intsimbi okanye ezinye izinto ze-alloy.Iquka ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, iipropati zomatshini kunye neemfuno zonyango lokushisa kwezinto zokuqinisekisa ukuba umnciphisi unamandla okwaneleyo kunye nokumelana nokubola.

Indlela yokuvelisa: Umgangatho we-DIN 2616 uquka indlela yokuvelisa yoMnciphisi, kubandakanywa ukucutshungulwa, ukubunjwa, i-welding kunye nokufudumala kwezixhobo.Ezi ndlela zokuvelisa ziqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza koMnciphisi.

Imilinganiselo kunye nokunyamezela: Umgangatho uchaza uluhlu lobungakanani beeNciphisi kunye neemfuno ezinxulumene nokunyamezela ukuqinisekisa ukutshintshisana phakathi kweeNciphisi eziveliswe ngabavelisi abohlukeneyo.Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kuba iiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zinokufuna abanciphisi abahlukeneyo.

Uvavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa: I-DIN 2616 ikwabandakanya iimfuno zovavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa koMnciphisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuthembeka ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela.Olu vavanyo lubandakanya uvavanyo loxinzelelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-weld, kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wezinto eziphathekayo.

• GOST 17378

umgangatho yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokulinganisa yelizwe laseRashiya.Icacisa uyilo, ukuveliswa kunye neemfuno zokusebenza zabanciphisi.Isinciphisi ludibaniso lombhobho olusetyenziselwa ukudibanisa imibhobho emibini yobungakanani obuhlukeneyo kwinkqubo yombhobho kunye kunye nokuvumela ulwelo okanye igesi ukuba ihambe ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kwemibhobho emibini.Olu hlobo loxhumo lombhobho luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba, uxinzelelo kunye nobukhulu beenkqubo zombhobho ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeprojekthi.

Imixholo ephambili yoMnciphisi phantsi kweGOST 17378 standard

Umgangatho we-GOST 17378 ukhankanya imiba emininzi ephambili yabanciphisi, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga koku kulandelayo:

Iimfuno zokuyila: Lo mgangatho uchaza iimfuno zokuyila zomnciphisi ngokweenkcukacha, kubandakanywa ukubonakala, ubungakanani, ubukhulu bodonga kunye nokuma kwecandelo lokudibanisa lomnciphisi.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umnciphisi uya kuhambelana ngokuchanekileyo kwisistim sombhobho kunye nokugcina ukuzinza kwayo kwesakhiwo.

Iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo: Umgangatho uchaza imigangatho yezinto eziphathekayo ezifunekayo ekunciphiseni ukuvelisa, kubandakanywa uhlobo lwetsimbi, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, iimpawu zomatshini kunye neemfuno zonyango lokushisa.Ezi mfuno zijoliswe ekuqinisekiseni ukuqina komnciphisi kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.

Indlela yokuvelisa: I-GOST 17378 ichaza indlela yokuvelisa i-reducer, kubandakanywa ukucutshungulwa, ukubunjwa, i-welding kunye nokufudumala kwezixhobo.Oku kunceda abavelisi baqinisekise umgangatho wokunciphisa kunye nokusebenza.

Imilinganiselo kunye nokunyamezela: Umgangatho uchaza ubungakanani boluhlu lwabanciphisi kunye neemfuno ezinxulumene nokunyamezela ukuqinisekisa ukutshintshiselana phakathi kwabanciphisi abaveliswa ngabavelisi abohlukeneyo.

Uvavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa: I-GOST 17378 ikwabandakanya iimfuno zokuvavanya kunye nokuhlolwa kwabanciphisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba basebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuthembeka ekusebenziseni ngokwenene.Olu vavanyo lubandakanya uvavanyo loxinzelelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-weld kunye nokuvavanya ukusebenza kwezinto.

Iindawo zokusetyenziswa zabanciphisi

Abanciphisi phantsi komgangatho we-GOST 17378 basetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zemibhobho kwi-oyile yaseRashiya, igesi kunye namashishini amachiza.Le mimandla ineemfuno zokusebenza ezingqongqo kakhulu kunye nomgangatho wokudityaniswa kwemibhobho, njengoko uzinzo lokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lweenkqubo zemibhobho zibalulekile kuqoqosho lwelizwe kunye nonikezelo lwamandla.Abanciphisi badlala indima ephambili ekulungiseni ukuhamba, uxinzelelo kunye nobukhulu beenkqubo zombhobho, kunye nokuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabo ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ye-GOST 17378 inceda ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweenkqubo zombhobho.

Isishwankathelo, uMnciphisi phantsi komgangatho we-GOST 17378 yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yentsimi yobunjineli bombhobho waseRashiya.Icacisa uyilo, ukuveliswa kunye neemfuno zokusebenza zabanciphisi, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kolu nxibelelwano lwemibhobho kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.Lo mgangatho unceda iRashiya igcine uzinzo kwiziseko zayo zemibhobho ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe, ibonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwelizwe kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla.